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Abstract
A secondary analysis of data, derived from a single-center, open-label, randomized-controlled trial comparing the management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) vs conventional self-capillary blood glucose monitoring (SCBG), was conducted to explore differences in dietary quality. Dietary quality was assessed with a single Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Recall and mean nutrient values were calculated into Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2020) scores. Among a subgroup of participants with complete glucose and dietary intake data (n=66), secondary analysis aims were to determine 1) if having access to continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data influenced maternal dietary quality among pregnant individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) randomized to CGM (Dexcom© G6) or SCBG (Contour® Next Blood), 2) if glucose time-in-range (GTIR;63-140mg/dL) was different for those who achieved HEI ≥ 64, and 3) if dietary changes made to address GDM persisted into the postpartum period. Though no statistically significant differences in dietary quality and glucose homeostasis were observed between participants with and without access to CGM data, participants during pregnancy had higher HEI sub-scores for seafood and plant proteins, and refined grains compared to the postpartum period. These data will be useful to plan appropriately powered studies to optimize maternal, fetal, and infant health outcomes in pregnancies affected by GDM.